（一）做(zuo)好城市路途(tu)交通(tong)噪聲點評

為(wei)了(le)(le)很好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)展開(kai)城市(shi)(shi)路(lu)(lu)途(tu)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)污染管(guan)理(li)作(zuo)業，需(xu)求(qiu)做好城市(shi)(shi)路(lu)(lu)途(tu)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)點(dian)(dian)(dian)評(ping)作(zuo)業。以(yi)居(ju)民區(qu)(qu)(qu)為(wei)點(dian)(dian)(dian)評(ping)目(mu)(mu)標，展開(kai)一級(ji)點(dian)(dian)(dian)評(ping)。在(zai)點(dian)(dian)(dian)評(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)中，噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)對策作(zuo)為(wei)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)常情況下，噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辦法(fa)包括活(huo)躍(yue)(yue)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、消極(ji)(ji)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。活(huo)躍(yue)(yue)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)偏重(zhong)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)污染源的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)控(kong)；消極(ji)(ji)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)偏重(zhong)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)傳(chuan)達(da)(da)途(tu)徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操(cao)控(kong)。比(bi)方，降低(di)車(che)輛噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)以(yi)及路(lu)(lu)途(tu)路(lu)(lu)面噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)活(huo)躍(yue)(yue)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行為(wei)；設(she)(she)置(zhi)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)屏障和美(mei)化隔離帶則(ze)為(wei)消極(ji)(ji)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行為(wei)。展開(kai)居(ju)民區(qu)(qu)(qu)建(jian)設(she)(she)作(zuo)業前，要做好居(ju)民區(qu)(qu)(qu)周圍交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)猜(cai)測。根(gen)據(ju)猜(cai)測成果，結(jie)合各項目(mu)(mu)標，比(bi)方噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)達(da)(da)標單(dan)位百分(fen)比(bi)，提(ti)出(chu)小區(qu)(qu)(qu)整體規劃設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)計(ji)(ji)劃優化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)議，提(ti)出(chu)增(zeng)加美(mei)化隔音屏障，操(cao)控(kong)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)目(mu)(mu)標。關于既有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)民區(qu)(qu)(qu)，則(ze)需(xu)求(qiu)根(gen)據(ju)猜(cai)測成果，設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降噪(zao)(zao)處理(li)計(ji)(ji)劃，從而(er)改善當前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)污染問題。據(ju)相關查(cha)詢發現，建(jian)筑(zhu)布局合理(li)，可以(yi)降低(di)75%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)民區(qu)(qu)(qu)路(lu)(lu)途(tu)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。以(yi)拜(bai)克墻為(wei)例，其發揮建(jian)筑(zhu)物之間自(zi)我保(bao)(bao)護優勢，在(zai)居(ju)民區(qu)(qu)(qu)周圍，建(jian)設(she)(she)了(le)(le)周邊式安置(zhi)住宅，影響(xiang)相對安靜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)住空間，形成隔聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)屏障，削(xue)減交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)對居(ju)民生(sheng)活(huo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。在(zai)進行點(dian)(dian)(dian)評(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)中，要活(huo)躍(yue)(yue)運用現代化手(shou)段(duan)，比(bi)方GIS技術，做到合理(li)點(dian)(dian)(dian)評(ping)，從而(er)保(bao)(bao)障城市(shi)(shi)路(lu)(lu)途(tu)交(jiao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)運行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合理(li)性。

（二）做好噪聲源的操控

若(ruo)(ruo)想(xiang)很好削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)減(jian)(jian)(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)市路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)途(tu)(tu)(tu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)噪(zao)聲(sheng)污(wu)染，則需求采納(na)活躍(yue)防(fang)治(zhi)辦法(fa)(fa)，做好噪(zao)聲(sheng)源(yuan)的(de)(de)操控。詳細采納(na)以(yi)(yi)下辦法(fa)(fa)：（1）倡(chang)導公(gong)共交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)出(chu)行(xing)(xing)。為城(cheng)(cheng)市居(ju)民提供多樣(yang)化交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)出(chu)行(xing)(xing)方法(fa)(fa)，增(zeng)加公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車(che)和軌道交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)數(shu)量(liang)，活躍(yue)發起同(tong)享單(dan)車(che)出(chu)行(xing)(xing)方法(fa)(fa)，削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)減(jian)(jian)(jian)轎(jiao)(jiao)車(che)出(chu)行(xing)(xing)頻率。結合(he)城(cheng)(cheng)市交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)實踐情況(kuang)，合(he)理增(zeng)加交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)線路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)環保(bao)公(gong)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)車(che)數(shu)量(liang)，取代(dai)一部分(fen)出(chu)租轎(jiao)(jiao)車(che)，從而降(jiang)低(di)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)噪(zao)聲(sheng)。（2）合(he)理規(gui)(gui)劃路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)途(tu)(tu)(tu)。降(jiang)低(di)城(cheng)(cheng)市路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)途(tu)(tu)(tu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)噪(zao)聲(sheng)，經過(guo)合(he)理規(gui)(gui)劃路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)途(tu)(tu)(tu)，可以(yi)(yi)取得不(bu)錯(cuo)的(de)(de)成(cheng)效。跟(gen)著城(cheng)(cheng)市的(de)(de)開(kai)展，未來(lai)城(cheng)(cheng)市轎(jiao)(jiao)車(che)保(bao)有量(liang)還(huan)會(hui)繼續增(zeng)加，噪(zao)聲(sheng)污(wu)染防(fang)治(zhi)任務(wu)困難(nan)。基于此，要(yao)合(he)理規(gui)(gui)劃交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)，削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)減(jian)(jian)(jian)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)擁堵或者堵塞情況(kuang)，降(jiang)低(di)噪(zao)聲(sheng)。經過(guo)建設新路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)途(tu)(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)，分(fen)流(liu)城(cheng)(cheng)市里面通(tong)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)車(che)輛(liang)，削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)減(jian)(jian)(jian)過(guo)往車(che)輛(liang)，從而削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)減(jian)(jian)(jian)噪(zao)聲(sheng)。（3）約(yue)束車(che)流(liu)量(liang)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)車(che)輛(liang)行(xing)(xing)進(jin)速(su)(su)度。若(ruo)(ruo)想(xiang)完(wan)成(cheng)噪(zao)聲(sheng)源(yuan)的(de)(de)操控，采納(na)約(yue)束車(che)流(liu)量(liang)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)行(xing)(xing)車(che)速(su)(su)度的(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)，可以(yi)(yi)取得不(bu)錯(cuo)的(de)(de)管理作用。通(tong)常情況(kuang)下，交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)量(liang)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)減(jian)(jian)(jian)1成(cheng)，則路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)途(tu)(tu)(tu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)噪(zao)聲(sheng)可以(yi)(yi)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)減(jian)(jian)(jian)3dB；行(xing)(xing)車(che)速(su)(su)度削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)減(jian)(jian)(jian)10km/h，則路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)途(tu)(tu)(tu)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)噪(zao)聲(sheng)可以(yi)(yi)削(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)減(jian)(jian)(jian)2～3dB。在交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)主干路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)途(tu)(tu)(tu)口，要(yao)設置限速(su)(su)標志，包子車(che)輛(liang)勻速(su)(su)行(xing)(xing)進(jin)。

（三）加大監督管理力度

為(wei)了保障城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)路(lu)途(tu)(tu)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)污(wu)染(ran)防治作(zuo)業有(you)效展開，需(xu)求擬(ni)定相關法規(gui)，作(zuo)為(wei)準則保障。由于(yu)(yu)路(lu)途(tu)(tu)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)污(wu)染(ran)源噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)等(deng)級高，并且流動(dong)性和規(gui)模較大。基于(yu)(yu)此，為(wei)了可以(yi)削(xue)減(jian)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)對周圍居(ju)民生活的影響，在(zai)(zai)進行城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)路(lu)途(tu)(tu)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)系統改造時，需(xu)求適當加(jia)寬路(lu)途(tu)(tu)。使用(yong)立交(jiao)(jiao)橋，取代平面穿(chuan)(chuan)插路(lu)段。在(zai)(zai)實踐(jian)管(guan)理作(zuo)業中(zhong)(zhong)，要做好制(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)(zhi)鳴笛(di)管(guan)理。關于(yu)(yu)穿(chuan)(chuan)插路(lu)口方位，要設(she)置相應的辦法，降低路(lu)途(tu)(tu)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)等(deng)級。以(yi)A城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)為(wei)例，在(zai)(zai)2017年，強化交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)環境監(jian)督管(guan)理，削(xue)減(jian)主城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區機(ji)動(dong)車(che)(che)噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)污(wu)染(ran)，優化城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)路(lu)途(tu)(tu)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)秩序，發布了關于(yu)(yu)主城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)區制(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)動(dong)車(che)(che)輛(liang)鳴喇(la)叭的通(tong)告。除此之外，關于(yu)(yu)市(shi)(shi)區貨(huo)運車(che)(che)輛(liang)（含黃標(biao)車(che)(che)）繞(rao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)線路(lu)從(cong)頭進了調整。在(zai)(zai)監(jian)督管(guan)理作(zuo)業中(zhong)(zhong)，加(jia)大對黃標(biao)車(che)(che)違(wei)規(gui)入城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的檢查力度。在(zai)(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)重要路(lu)途(tu)(tu)路(lu)段，增(zeng)加(jia)了附著式(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)(zhi)鳴笛(di)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)標(biao)志(zhi)以(yi)及(ji)支架(jia)式(shi)宣傳標(biao)志(zhi)牌(pai)、噪(zao)(zao)聲(sheng)屏，提示車(che)(che)輛(liang)駕馭(yu)人員文明(ming)行進。